疑问副词、连接副词和关系副词
1) 疑问副词:
疑问副词用来引导特殊问句:
how: how is your grandmother’s rheumatism? 你奶奶的风湿病怎么样了?
where: where does she come from? 她是哪儿人?
when: when can you come? 你什么时候能来?
why: why was he so late? 他为什么来得这么晚?
2)连接副词:
连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用:
how: that’s how i look at it. 这是我的看法。(引导表语从句)
do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗?(引导不定式短语)
where: i don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句)
i can’t decide where to go for my holidays. 我不能决定去哪度假。(引导不定式短语)
when: tell me when you’ll be ready. 告诉我你什么时候准备好。(引导宾语从句)
tell me when to use this construction. 告诉我什么时候用这种结构。(引导不定式短语)
why: that’s why i came round. 这就是我来的原因。(引导表语从句)
3)关系副词:
关系副词可引导关系从句作宾语:
where:we then moved to paris, where we lived for 6 years. 此后我们搬到巴黎,在那里住了6年。
when: there came a day when the rain fell in torrents. 有一天下起了倾盆大雨。
why: the reason why he came is not very convincing. 他来的理由不太有说服力。
6.句子副词
1) 有些副词并不修饰动词,而是修饰整个句子,表示说话人的看法:
i can’t come, unfortunately. 真不巧,我来不了。
hopefully we’ll win. 但愿我们能赢。
surprisingly, she has married again. 另人惊讶的是,她又结婚了。
seriously now, you ought to take more care of your health. 说真的,你应当多注意身体。
2)有少数副词可以和enough连用,起同样的作用:
i thought it would rain, and sure enough it did. 我想天会下雨,结果果然如此。
oddly enough i had no doubt that he would be glad to see me. 说也奇怪,我毫不怀疑他会高兴见我。
curiously enough he had never seen the little girl. 说也奇怪,他从未见过这个小姑娘。
6. 一些其它类型的副词
除了以上这些类型的副词外,还有一些其他类型的副词,例如:
1)表示方向的副词:
let’s go inside. 咱们到里面去。
take two steps forward. 向前走两步。
2)使与上文连接更紧的副词:
he was different, however, from the others. 不过他和别人不同。
nevertheless, she decided to act. 尽管如此,他决定采取行动。
3)表示 “方面”的副词:
they suffered economically as a result of that policy. 由于那项政策,他们在经济上受了损失。
financially we are doing quite well. 在经济方面我们情况良好。
it’s politically short-sighted not to recognize this. 不认识这一点在政治上是短视的。
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